Book Market Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Book Market - Assignment Example Memo Introduction: Since the higher education market is clearly grouped we have to use stratified random sampling So that each strata (group) gets properly represented by the sample selected and give a more precise estimate of the entire population. In stratified random sampling the entire population is divided into strata and samples are picked from each strata. There can be three types of stratified random sampling Proportionate Disproportionate Optimal Proportionate stratified random sampling: the ratio of-the number of elements chosen from a particular stratum (n1) to the total number of elements in that particular stratum(N1) is equal to the ratio of -the number of elements chosen from all other strata to the total number of elements in those strata. n1/N1=n2/N2=---------nn/Nn Disproportionate stratified random sampling: the ratio of the number of elements chosen from a particular stratum (n1) to the total number of elements in that particular stratum (N1) is not equal to the ratio of the number of elements chosen from all other strata to the total number of elements in those strata. n1/N1 not equal to n2/N2 This is used when separate statistical analysis for particular strata are required.Suitable ratios are thereafter used to restore original proportions. Optimal stratified random sampling: due to cost concerns the researcher might want to achieve maximum accuracy that is minimum variance while keeping the costs minimum. This can be done when high degree of precision is not required but only a fair amount of idea can serve the purpose. Advantages and Disadvantages of the above three methods: Advantages Disadvantages Proportionate stratified random sampling The sample represents the true population... Disproportionate stratified random sampling: the ratio of the number of elements chosen from a particular stratum (n1) to the total number of elements in that particular stratum (N1) is not equal to the ratio of the number of elements chosen from all other strata to the total number of elements in those strata. Optimal stratified random sampling: due to cost concerns the researcher might want to achieve maximum accuracy that is minimum variance while keeping the costs minimum. This can be done when high degree of precision is not required but only a fair amount of idea can serve the purpose. Since in this case a fair enough estimate is required as the company is just entering the book market and lack of precision will not cause harm as it is not a quality check but only a overall market estimate, optimal stratified random sampling is recommended.

Ralph Ellison’s novel Invisible Man Essay Example for Free

Ralph Ellison’s novel Invisible Man Essay For this assignment, you will be analyzing two more short stories, â€Å"Battle Royal† (which is the first chapter in Ralph Ellison’s novel, Invisible Man) and â€Å"The Birthmark.† As you read, reflect on the ways each depicts characters that are deemed socially unacceptable because of their outward appearances. Please write a comparison/contrast essay of 1000 words or more discussing the questions below. Remember to begin your paper with an engaging introduction and clear thesis statement, develop each point in the body of your paper using examples and quotes from the stories, and conclude your paper with a restatement of your thesis and closing remarks. Also, be sure to maintain your credibility by including in-text citations and a reference list correctly formatted in APA style. Setting: Describe the settings of both pieces and identify how the eras in which they take place—with their distinct societal attitudes and customs—affect the main characters? Characters: â€Å"Battle Royal:† Discuss the young man and his grandfather. Why do we never learn the young man’s name? What do the grandfather’s dying words reveal about him? â€Å"The Birthmark:† Describe the main characters: Aylmer, Georgiana and Aminadab. What is important to each? Point of View: In which point of view (first- or third-person) is each piece told? If the point of view in â€Å"Battle Royal† was changed, would it have made the story more effective, or less so? Symbolism: â€Å"Battle Royal:† Analyze the deeper meaning of the following: the â€Å"battle royal† itself, the naked blonde, and the young man’s dream at the end of the story. â€Å"The Birthmark:† What does Georgiana’s birthmark signify, first to her and then to Aylmer? What does alchemy represent in the story? Themes: What are the main themes/messages of each piece? What, in other words, do you think the authors, Ralph Ellison and Nathaniel Hawthorne, are trying to communicate about life and human nature in their respective stories? Fear: What role does fear play in both pieces? Discrimination: Both stories address physical appearance, specifically one’s  skin, and the way people may discriminate against others because of external characteristics they deem inferior. Compare and contrast how discrimination and prejudice are presented in â€Å"Battle Royal† and â€Å"The Birthmark.† Final Thoughts: Author Tim O’Brien wrote, Thats what fiction is for. Its for getting at the truth when the truth isnt sufficient for the truth. Talk about how literature might give us â€Å"truer† insights into the human experience by appealing to our senses, emotions and empathy. Describe a situation in which you or someone you know may have been discriminated against because of appearance, gender, race or another attribute. What did the experience teach you? Please submit your assignment.

Economics in One Lesson By Henry Hazlitt Essay example -- Economics in

Henry Hazlitt’s book, Economics in one lesson, brings to perspective numerous topics that are mainstream issues in the economy today. His book breaks down in detail specific concepts that have their effects on the economy. Hazlitt explains topics such as war and the expenses, the tariff system, and productivity and the minimum wage laws.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One concept Hazlitt emphasized on was how economics was viewed for temporary needs, versus more permanently viewed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"In addition to theses endless pleading of self-interest, there is a second main factor that spawns new economic fallacies every day. This is the persistent tendency of men to see only the immediate effects of a given policy, or its effects only on a special group and to neglect to inquire what the long-run effects of that policy will be not only on that special group but on all groups. It is the fallacy of overlooking secondary consequences† (Hazlitt p15-16).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This simple fact that Hazlitt brought up is the dominating factor that separates good and bad economics. A good economist will look at the effects a certain policy will have on all groups, while a bad economist will only see the effects that a policy will have on a particular group. This ties in with the long-run effects because if a group is only looking at how a policy will affect itself then in the future another group that was affected could lose their business because of the way the first group viewed a policy. For example if a clothing company decides to increase revenues by selling more products at a lower price, it will cause the company that has to supply the materials for the shirt to have to increase the amount of materials they need to use in order to keep up with the sales the clothing company makes. If the shirt company acted in the best interest of all the groups they would make sure the company that is supplying the materials is able to increase pr oduction instead of making the decision on their own. The bad economist believes that tomorrow is not as important as what is at hand today. â€Å"Nine-tenths of the economic fallacies that are working such dreadful harm in the world today are the result of ignoring this lesson. Those fallacies are stem from one of two central fallacies or both: that of looking only at the immediate consequences of an actor o proposal, and that of looking at the consequences only for a particular g... ... that were not as clear, and not as strong. The broken glass itself is not a blessing, but because it helps the economy overall, that can be a blessing. Hazlitt made a good point explaining this in great detail. He also thoroughly explained how war does increase production but only to the point where everything goes back to normal. Jobs do open up for people as long as there is war, but as soon as it is over the economy usually goes right back to where it started before the war. Hazlitt also made a good point about employment and how full employment does not exactly make the situation better for that person because there are many institutions that have full employment and there are no benefits for the employer. In dealing with credit system, Hazlitt pointed out how a person that is having trouble economically seems to have a better chance to get yet another loan that will most likely not get paid back, as opposed to a person that can pay it back immediately does not usually recei ve one at first glance. Overall Hazlitt did a great job, especially emphasizing on the long-run economics as the best way to handle things and not the short, quick, and temporary way of handling business.

Duty of Care Essay

Introduction This unit will look at the importance of ‘Duty of Care’ within the health and social care area. It will aid in helping to identify standards of care required by carers and the actions needed to be implemented in order to maintain high quality care. The courts have identified what standards of care a person can expect from those providing it: i.e. what a ‘reasonable person would think is reasonable’ in the circumstance. In English Tort law a duty of care (or depict in Scots law) is a legal obligation imposed on the person requiring that they adhere to a standard of reasonable care whilst performing any acts that could foreseeably harm others. It requires that everything reasonably practicable be done to protect the health and safety and wellbeing of others. The standard of care an individual that you may care for or support is entitled to; Care that meets the persons identified needs Person centred planning around the person Support to maintain independence Well-trained staff Care that meets the minimum standards as set down in law Each person that we support has a right to expect a good standard of care which we need to uphold. By understanding and acknowledging people’s rights we gain greater awareness of circumstances which might give rise to concerns. Often it is when a person’s rights are breached that we become aware that we have a ‘duty of care’ to alert another person to a situation that may make a person we care for or support vulnerable or at risk. see more: explain what it means to have a duty of care in own work role There are a variety of terms that need to be understood in order to fully understand what constitutes ‘duty of care’, such terms include; ‘Duty of care’ is a requirement that a person act towards others and the public with the watchfulness, attention, caution, and the prudence that a reasonable person in the circumstances would. If a person’s actions do not meet this standard of care, then the acts are considered negligent and any damages resulting may be claimed in a lawsuit for damages ‘Reasonably practicable’ means that the requirements of the law vary with the degree of risk in a particular activity or environment which must be balanced against the time, trouble and cost of taking measures to control the risk. It enables the duty holder to choose the most efficient means for controlling a particular risk from the range of feasible possibilities. The duty holder must show that it was not reasonably practicable to do more than what was done or that he/she has taken ‘reasonable precautions and exercised due diligence’ ‘Public Interest’ is anything affecting the rights, health or finances of the public at large. It is something that is of general benefit to the public or to which the general public would feel a ‘need to know’ in the general populations best interests.    ‘Whistle blowing’ A whistleblower is a person who raises a concern about  wrongdoing occurring in an organisation or body of people. Usually this person would be an employee from that same organisation. The revealed misconduct may be classified in many ways; for example, a violation of a law, rule, regulation and/or a direct threat to public interest, such as fraud, health/safety violations, corruption. Whistleblowers may make their allegations internally (for example, to other people within the accused organisation) or externally (to service commissioners, social services, regulators, Care Standards, law enforcement agencies, to the media or to groups concerned with the issues). ‘Whistle blowing’ is technically known as ‘Public interest disclosure’. The Law guarantees you protection in reporting abuse and neglect, where to do so could cause you difficulties with your employer. We have a responsibility to the people we support particularly if those people are vulnerable. Listening and observation skills are especially important to develop when we support others. When considering safe practice we have to understand that care and support encompasses a wide area. If, for example; We fail to report that we have observed that a person has a sore spot on the base of their spine, in a short time, that could develop into a pressure sore. If we see a colleague shouting or treating a person they support harshly, could that lead to abuse if we fail to use our ‘duty of care’ and report it? Three criteria must be met for negligence to be proven and be actionable in the courts: The ‘duty of care’ must actually be owed to a person That ‘duty’ must have been breached Harm must have been suffered as a result Whether negligence has occurred is a matter of fact for the courts to decide. Where the ‘duty of care’ has been breached because the acts or omissions of a health or social care worker fell below those of the ‘ordinarily  competent’ health or social care worker, it is important to bear in mind that it will be no defence to argue: That the shortcomings in not acting occurred because of a person’s inexperience If the task or circumstances required a person of a particular skill or standard, then if someone was too inexperienced to practise safely, they should have made that clear to their line manager or senior professional. In turn the supervising professional should have taken responsibility for checking that tasks are only delegated to, or undertaken by, competent staff. Learning Outcomes & Assessment Criteria Mapping The questions below target the following assessment criteria: Learning Outcome Assessment Criteria the learner can Question 4222-204 (Diploma) Outcome 1. Understand the meaning of duty of care 1.1. Define the term ‘duty of care’1.2. Describe how the duty of care affects own work role 4229-205 (Tech Cert) Outcome 1. Understand the Implications of Duty of Care 1.1. Define the term ‘duty of care’1.2. Describe how the duty of care affects own work role Common Induction Standards Outcome 5.1. Understand how duty of care contributes to safe practice 5.1.1. Explain what it means to have a duty of care in your work role 2 5.1.2. Explain how duty of care contributes to the safeguarding or protection of individuals 3 4222-204 (Diploma) Outcome 2. Understand support available for addressing dilemmas that may arise about duty of care 2.1. Describe the dilemmas that may arise between the duty of care and an individual’s rights 4 2.2. Explain where to get additional support and advice about how to resolve such dilemmas 4 4229-205 (Tech Cert) Outcome 2. Understand Support Available for Addressing Dilemmas that may arise about duty of care 2.1. Describe the dilemmas that may arise between the duty of care and an individual’s rights 4 2.2. Explain where to get additional support and advice about how to resolve such dilemmas 4 Common Induction Standards Outcome 5.2. Know how to address dilemmas that may arise between an individual’s rights and the duty of care 5.2.1. Be aware of potential dilemmas that may arise between the duty of care and an individual’s rights 4 5.2.3. Know who to ask for advice about anything you feel uncomfortable about in relation to dilemmas in your work 4 4222-204 (Diploma) Outcome 3. Know how to respond to complaints 3.1. Describe how to respond to complaints 3.2. Identify the main points of agreed procedures for handling complaints 8 4229-205 (Tech Cert) Outcome 3. Know how to respond to complaints 3.1. Describe how to respond to complaints 5,7 3.2. Identify the main points of agreed procedures for handling complaints 8 Common Induction Standards Outcome 5.3. Know how to recognise and handle comments and complaints. How to record and report information 5.3.2. Know what you can and cannot do within your role in handling comments and complaints and how you should respond 4 5.3.4. Recognise the importance of learning from comments and complaints to improve the quality of service 9 Duty of Care Q1. Define the term ‘duty of care’ (Guidance SCILS Hand-out 1) Duty of care, in any setting, is the level of service that is expected, as a minimum, to be provided. In health care and social care, this may include: act in the best interests of individuals. Do not act or fail to act in a way that could cause harm, always act within your own competence and do not do something which you can not do safely. Q2. How does duty of care affect your work role Guidance: SCILS Hand-out How it affects work role It means the duty of care I have in my job is to keep yourself safe and the individuals safe. Keeping up to date on my training. Adhering to the policies and procedures that reflect the CQC Standards. Promoting health and safety regulations and ensuring these are adhered to, reporting and hazards or risks to my line managers Promoting personal hygiene to both individuals and team members. Provide an example Reflect over the individuals Care Plans and Essential Life style plans, ensuring these documents are updated accordingly. Reporting any health and safety issues to the health and safety rep or my line manager. Highlighting any new risks that have been identified to these can be minimised. Ensuing all policies and procedures have been read, understood and signed. Attending all mandatory training. Q3. How could your ‘duty of care’ contribute to†¦. (Guidance: SCILS Hand-out 3b) Safe Practice Unsafe Practice Ensuring when administering medication, the correct procedures are followed. Checking the individuals care plan as to what support is required. Ensuring the medications agrees with the mars sheets times, dosage and route of administration. Ensuring the correct individual is present and I have observed the medication being taken. Filling in the mars sheet according to the correct time and date. Not reflecting over the mars sheet details and care plan. Assuming not changes have been made and not checking. Not signing for the medication. Leaving medication out where it is accessible to others. Ensuing all documents are filled in accurately and accordingly. All changes are highlighted to all team members and the line manager. Updating risk assessments according to hazards identified. Not reporting hazards to the line manager of the health and safety rep. Not filling in documents of relevant changes or informing the team or line manager. Dilemmas and Support Q4. Describe dilemmas that may arise between the duty of care and an individual’s rights (Guidance: SCILS Hand-out 3c + 4) Dilemma What additional support and advice would resolve this dilemma? Refusing medication To explain to the individual why the medication needs to be take, risk to health and other implications. Speak to team member and line manager as they may provide support to speak to the individual with a more positive outcome. Speak to GP, Learning disability nurse or medical professionals. Ensure it is documented in case of further issues. This may lead to a Best Interest meeting. Activities that may cause harm Speak to the individual about the risks that have been identified. Discuss with them on how these risks could be minimised to ensure safety. Document in care plan and essential life style plan. Seek support from line manger on  how this can be effectively supported. Best interest meeting my be required to see if the individual has the capacity to make the relevant decisions. Complaints Q5. It is important to have a policy instructing on how to deal with complaints to ensure that everyone knows what to do and in what timescales. It is very important that you know the procedure for your work situation. These are legal and regulatory factors to consider and statutory bodies to be informed. Can you name some of these? (Guidance: SCILS Hand-out 4) Fylde Community link work in line with legislations- The Health and Social Care Act 2008 Regulated Activities regulations 2010 There a complaints process in place, complaints will be recorded for statistical purposes and communicated to the staff members concerned. The organisation welcomes complaints as the information from investigations will provided additional learning and help improve services. A complaint can be made to any staff member who will fill in a complaint form in order to record what has been said and immediately inform their line manager. Complaint regarding staff member should be made to the Chief Executive. If a complainant is not satisfied with the response the matter will be escalated to the Board of Directors/ Trustee’s. If still not satisfied with the outcome it can be taken to the Local Authority or the local government ombudsman. Q7. Describe how to respond to complaints (Guidance SCILS Hand-Out) A complaint can be made to any staff member who will fill in a complaint form in order to record what has been said and immediately inform their line manager. Feed back form can be obtained for relatives who wish to comment on any aspect of the service. Q8. Describe the process of handling complaints from a service user (Guidance SCILS Hand-Out) A complaint can be made to any staff member who will fill in a complaint form in order to record what has been said and immediately inform their line manager. Q9. How can complaints help your workplace learn and identify actions or changes that are needed after a complaint has been received? (Guidance SCILS Hand-Out) There a complaints process in place, complaints will be recorded for statistical purposes and communicated to the staff members concerned. The organisation welcomes complaints as the information from investigations will provided additional learning and help improve services.

Body and health

To know the right ways how to get a vital sign, body temperature, taking a pulse rate and first aid is also a big help, in case there is an emergency situation in the family or even outside that requires immediate medical attention especially in remote areas like in the Barings. In Nutrition Education, we learn what are the necessary foods and nutrients that our body needs in our daily lives to maintain a healthy body and meet its needs.That if we fail to provide what our body needs might cause some disorder or illness and if we take so much of it will also lead us to sickness. In this chapter I totally agree that we should take, Just the right amount of food and nutrient that our body need to stay healthy. In Family Planning and Birth Control, I agree that all should learn how to control a growing family especially In remote areas where people are not aware of this, because as we observe most of the big families' lives In remote areas, but they usually can't support their children n eeds.This will help also, for those couple who are not ready to have responsibilities of having children but doesn't know how to do the safe ways to prevent to get pregnant. I Just hope they add what will be the disadvantage and side effect of using contraceptive and birth control pills to the user body and If there is things that she need to do to avoid the bad side effect of this In her body, so she would be aware what would might happen If she did not follow the right ways using It. In Drug addiction and prevention, different yep of drugs and Its uses has a different effect on our body. Sing It without prescription from the doctor or using It for a wrong cause and ways would give a bad effect on our body and health. To know the types of drugs, Its uses, side effect and ways to prevent us to abuse drugs Is a great help to avoid drug addiction, Instead used drugs In right way and for the right cause. Therefore this guidelines and Information from this chapter Is very helpful to all of us If we Just follow and apply this In our lives we could have a healthy and peaceful life.

An Introduction to Academic Writing

An Introduction to Academic Writing Students, professors, and researchers in every discipline use academic writing to convey ideas, make arguments, and engage in scholarly conversation. Academic writing is characterized by evidence-based arguments, precise word choice,  logical organization, and an impersonal tone. Though sometimes thought of as long-winded or inaccessible, strong academic writing is quite the opposite: It informs, analyzes, and persuades in a straightforward manner and enables the reader to engage critically in a scholarly dialogue. Examples of Academic Writing   Academic  writing is, of course, any formal written work produced in an academic setting. While academic writing comes in many forms, the following are some of the most common. Literary analysis: A literary analysis essay examines, evaluates, and makes an argument about a literary work. As its name suggests, a literary analysis essay goes beyond mere summarization. It requires careful close reading of one or multiple texts and often focuses on a specific characteristic, theme, or motif. Research paper: A research paper uses outside information to support a thesis or make an argument. Research papers are written in all disciplines and may be evaluative, analytical, or critical in nature. Common research sources include data, primary sources (e.g., historical records), and secondary sources (e.g., peer-reviewed scholarly articles). Writing a research paper involves synthesizing this external information with your own ideas. Dissertation: A dissertation (or thesis) is a document submitted at the conclusion of a Ph.D. program. The dissertation is a book-length summarization of the doctoral candidate’s research. Academic papers may be done as a part of a class, in a program of study, or for publication in an academic journal or scholarly book of articles around a theme, by different authors. Characteristics of Academic Writing Most academic disciplines employ their own stylistic conventions. However, all academic writing shares certain characteristics. Clear and limited focus. The focus of an academic paper- the argument or research question- is established early by the thesis statement. Every paragraph and sentence of the paper connects back to that primary focus. While the paper may include background or contextual information, all content serves the purpose of supporting the thesis statement.Logical structure. All academic writing follows a logical, straightforward structure. In its simplest form, academic writing includes an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. The introduction provides background information, lays out the scope and direction of the essay, and states the thesis. The body paragraphs support the thesis statement, with each body paragraph elaborating on one supporting point. The conclusion refers back to the thesis, summarizes the main points, and highlights the implications of the paper’s findings. Each sentence and paragraph logically connects to the next in order to present a clear argument.E vidence-based arguments. Academic writing requires well-informed arguments. Statements must be supported by evidence, whether from scholarly sources (as in a research paper), results of a study or experiment, or quotations from a primary text (as in a literary analysis essay). The use of evidence gives credibility to an argument. Impersonal tone. The goal of academic writing is to convey a logical argument from an objective standpoint. Academic writing avoids emotional, inflammatory, or otherwise biased language. Whether you personally agree or disagree with an idea, it must be presented accurately and objectively in your paper. Most published papers also have abstracts: brief summaries of the most important points of the paper. Abstracts appear in academic database search results so that readers can quickly determine whether the paper is pertinent to their own research. The Importance of Thesis Statements Let’s say you’ve just finished an analytical essay for your literature class. If a peer or professor asks you what the essay is about- what the point of the essay is- you should be able to respond clearly and concisely in a single sentence. That single sentence is your thesis statement. The thesis statement, found at the end of the first paragraph, is a one-sentence encapsulation of your essay’s main idea. It presents an overarching argument and may also identify the main support points for the argument. In essence, the thesis statement is a road map, telling the reader where the paper is going and how it will get there. The thesis statement plays an important role in the writing process. Once you’ve written a thesis statement, you’ve established a clear focus for your paper. Frequently referring back to that thesis statement will prevent you from straying off-topic during the drafting phase. Of course, the thesis statement can (and should) be revised to reflect changes in the content or direction of the paper. Its ultimate goal, after all, is to capture the main ideas of your paper with clarity and specificity. Common Mistakes to Avoid Academic writers from every field face similar challenges during the writing process. You can improve your own academic writing by avoiding these common mistakes. Wordiness. The goal of academic writing is to convey complex ideas in a clear, concise  manner. Don’t muddy the meaning of your argument by using confusing language. If you find yourself writing a sentence over 25 words long, try to divide it into two or three separate sentences for improved readability.A vague or missing thesis statement. The thesis statement is the single most important sentence in any academic paper. Your thesis statement must be clear, and each body paragraph needs to tie into that thesis.Informal language. Academic writing is formal in tone and should not include slang, idioms, or conversational language.Description without analysis. Do not simply repeat the ideas or arguments from your source materials. Rather, analyze those arguments and explain how they relate to your point.  Not citing sources. Keep track of your source materials throughout the research and writing process. Cite them consistently using one style manual (MLA, APA, or Chicago Manual of Style, depending on the guidelines given to you at the outset of the project). Any ideas that are not your own need to be cited, whether theyre paraphrased or quoted directly, to avoid plagiarism.

Who benefits from Globalization

Who benefits from Globalization There are various arguments regarding beneficiaries of globalization. Are they the citizens of the poor or rich nations who benefit from globalization? In theory, globalization should benefit citizens of both poor and rich nations (Fischer, 2009). However, this is not the case. Instead, poor nations benefit from globalization at the expense of their rich counterparts (SinghaRoy, 2001).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Who benefits from Globalization? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More We may argue that developments and expansions of globe trades have positioned rich nations against their emerging counterparts. This has resulted from the working class or middle class in rich nations, who are responsible for economic developments, work hard in order to change or raise living standards of people in poor nations. When Britain was the superpower many centuries ago, it traded with the poor USA. Consequently, they established long-term relationships and interests. The trade raised living standards of the US citizens and its economy. As a result, the US became the superpower. This is the same way globalization should benefit emerging economies like China where most people are poor. However, some critics argue that globalization is not beneficial to poor countries because average wages in such countries continue to deteriorate (Rodrik, 2002). However, this claim is not true. The reason is that export of jobs and investment opportunities to poor nations offer opportunities for labor employment. As a result, globalization reduces widespread rates of unemployment in such countries and increases wages and average incomes of such citizens. A closer look at India shows this analogy (Ganguly-Scraseis and Scraseis, 2009). Today, India has more engineers than America. Most of these engineers do not have jobs to match their education levels. Consequently, they resort to odd jobs. However, globalization has changed t his situation in India. The main reason is that developed nations can outsource their jobs to engineers in India by using Internet technologies and software. This implies that citizens of rich nations must compete among themselves and with citizens in emerging economies such as Japan, China, Philippines, and India, where employers outsource these jobs (Steger, 2009).  Based on the shift of jobs from rich nations to poor countries, globalization has created issues of ethical dilemmas for employers who export jobs to poor nations. Ethical issues arise in many ways. First, such employers leave citizens of developed countries without jobs. Second, they aim to exploit abundant and cheap labor in poor countries. Some people from rich nations believe that they also generate higher-skilled jobs, which are more important to their economies than labor-intensive jobs they export to poor countries. Therefore, employers must face issues of exploitation of cheap labor in poor countries and expo rtation of jobs, which local citizens should do.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this respect, rich nations must realize that they are not beneficiaries of globalization. Therefore, rich nations must invest in creativity and talents in order to drive their economies. The explanation is that poor citizens are taking current jobs in rich countries. Therefore, rich countries must invent new jobs. Globalization has created competition across the globe at the expense of citizens in rich nations. As a result, rich nations must improve their skills in order to remain competitive. It seems that the ultimate beneficiary of globalization is humankind. However, globalization has introduced many challenges to citizens in rich nations in terms of loss of income opportunities. Therefore, the ultimate losers are citizens in rich countries. Only citizens from rich nations, who have advanced skills and talents, shall remain relevant in globalized economies. References Fischer, T. (2009). What is wrong with globalization. Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press. Ganguly-Scraseis, R., and Scraseis, T. (2009). Globalisation and the Middle Classes in India: The Social and Cultural Impact of Neoliberal Reforms. London: Routledge. Rodrik, D. (2002). Globalization for Whom? Harvard Magazine, 104(6), 1-3. SinghaRoy, D. (2001). Social development and the empowerment of marginalised groups: perspectives and strategies. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. Steger, M. (2009). Globalization: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Who benefits from Globalization? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Secuestro internacional de niños y restitución

Secuestro internacional de nià ±os y restitucià ³n Si su nià ±o o nià ±a, que tiene la residencia habitual en Estados Unidos, es và ­ctima de un secuestro internacional por parte del otro progenitor, esto es lo que debe hacer con e fin de obtener su restitucià ³n. En este artà ­culo tambià ©n se hace referencia en dà ³nde se puede obtener ayuda psicolà ³gica, legal e incluso econà ³mica para estos casos. Quà © hacer si el nià ±o và ­ctima de secuestro est todavà ­a en Estados Unidos Contactar inmediatamente con la Oficina de Asuntos para la Nià ±ez, dependiente del Departamento de Estado, marcando gratis al 1-888-407-4747. Se puede pedir hablar con alguien en espaà ±ol y llamar a cualquier hora del dà ­a o de la noche, incluso durante los fines de semana. Secuestro internacional de nià ±os Si el menor ya ha dejado Estados Unidos pero se cree que se encuentra en un paà ­s de los que ha firmado la Convencià ³n de la Haya sobre Secuestro internacional de nià ±os, marcar al mismo nà ºmero mencionado en el prrafo anterior. Pero si el nià ±o o la nià ±a se encuentran en otro paà ­s no incluido en dicha Convencià ³n, contactar primero con las autoridades de dicho lugar y a continuacià ³n con la Oficina de Asuntos para la Nià ±ez al telà ©fono ya mencionado. Si el padre o la madre que quieren notificar el secuestro se encuentran en ese momento fuera de Estados Unidos, marcar al 1-202-501-4444. Quà © ms se puede hacer en los casos de secuestro internacional de nià ±os Acudir a la policà ­a y rellenar la planilla para reportar la desaparicià ³n de una persona. Pedir que los datos del menor y su desaparicià ³n sean incluidos en la base de datos del Centro de Informacià ³n Nacional de Crà ­menes (NCIC, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). La policà ­a puede informarle de si es posible y cà ³mo obtener rà ©cords de telà ©fono, de tarjetas de crà ©dito e incluso de correos electrà ³nicos para conseguir localizar al padre o a la madre que han secuestrado al menor. En este punto, consultar con un abogado antes de decidir si es conveniente denunciar al padre o a la madre que se llevà ³ al menor. En ocasiones, si no hay todavà ­a denuncia, es posible resolver el caso ms rpidamente. Pero depende de las circunstancias. Conviene tambià ©n tener en cuenta que si hay una orden de bà ºsqueda y captura en contra del secuestrador es posible notificarla a la INTERPOL para que ayude en la bà ºsqueda. Tambià ©n se puede solicitar ayuda en la oficina local del FBI en el departamento de de Crà ­menes contra nià ±os. Asimismo se puede acudir a Centro Nacional para Nià ±os Desaparecidos y Explotados (NCMEC, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). Esta oficina puede ayudar a crear un pà ³ster del menor desaparecido y a que se circule y publique en los medios de comunicacià ³n del paà ­s en el que se sospecha que el nià ±o o la nià ±a pueden estar. Si el menor secuestrado est localizado en otro paà ­s, el padre o la madre pueden solicitar que la embajada o el consulado ms cercano lo visiten, siempre y cuando el nià ±o sea ciudadano americano y el progenitor que se lo ha llevado lo autorice. Para pedir esta visita se debe enviar un fax al 202-737-9136. Hay que idenficar al nià ±o y seà ±alar su fecha y lugar de nacimiento e identificar al padre o madre que se lo ha llevado y el lugar donde pueden ser localizados. Quà © pasa si el menor est localizado en otro paà ­s y el padre o madre que se lo ha llevado se niega a devolverlo Puede que el progenitor que lo busca tenga una orden judicial de una corte americana en la que se reconoce que tiene la guardia y custodia en exclusiva del menor. Pero eso no quiere decir que tal orden sea de aplicacià ³n en el paà ­s al que el menor ha sido llevado. Asà ­ que posiblemente hay que ir a Corte en el lugar en el que se encuentra el nià ±o o nià ±a. Para ello es fundamental elegir un buen abogado local. El Departamento de Estado, a travà ©s de la Oficina de Asuntos de la Nià ±ez (Office of Children ´s Issues) cuenta con especialistas en secuestros internacionales que pueden ayudar a definir cul es la mejor estrategia en un determinado paà ­s y cà ³mo elegir abogado. Se ruega muy encarecidamente no presentarse en el paà ­s extranjero, tomar al menor e intentar regresar con à ©l a Estados Unidos. Dependiendo del paà ­s, puede acabar en la crcel o con una demanda en su contra de carcter civil o penal. Otro tipo de asistencia disponible Si necesita apoyo mientras busca a su hijo que ha sido và ­ctima de un secuestro internacional, puede contactar con dos organizaciones: Take Root, llamando al 1-800-Root-OrgTeam Hope, marcando al 1-866-305 HOPE Asimismo, puede pedir ayuda a la Oficina de Asuntos de la Nià ±ez que le brindarn consejo y cà ³mo dirigirse a buenos profesionales. Si necesita apoyo econà ³mico para viajar al extranjero, puede que califique para un fondo de ayuda gestionado por la Oficina de Và ­ctimas de Crà ­menes (OVC, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) y que depende del Departamento de Justicia. Por à ºltimo, a travà ©s de NCMEC puede obtener ayuda profesional para encarar el proceso de reunificacià ³n con su hijo con à ©xito. Tip Si usted tiene miedo fundado de que sus hijos puedan ser secuestrados internacionalmente por su otro progenitor, guarde en un lugar seguro los pasaportes de los nià ±os y asegà ºrese de que sin su autorizacià ³n no se pueden renovar ni conseguir otros nuevos alegando su extravà ­o.   Adems, solicitar o renovar el pasaporte americano de un infante requiere requisitos especà ­ficos de presencia de los padres y del menor que hay que respetar, precisamente para evitar este tipo de problemas. Por el contrario, si un nià ±o/a americano va a viajar internacionalmente sà ³lo con uno de los padres o con ninguno pero con el consentimiento de ambos, asegà ºrese de que lleva toda la documentacià ³n extra necesaria para evitar ser parado en la frontera. A tener en cuenta Excepto Bolivia y Cuba, todos los paà ­ses de habla en espaà ±ol son miembros de la Convencià ³n de la Haya sobre Secuestro Internacional de Nià ±os o estn asociados y respetan su normativa. Nià ±os mexicanos en Mà ©xico y paps (o mams) en USA Si tienes un hijo mexicano en Mà ©xico y el pap est en Estados Unidos y no paga la pensià ³n de alimentos puedes solicitarla de esta manera.

Proposal and Bibliography Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Proposal and Bibliography - Assignment Example Examples of these conditions are Stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, Heart disease, Multiple Sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease among others (UK Stem Cell Foundation). The two basic types of stem cells are Adult stem cells and embryonic stem cells. They are typically found in the fetus, early embryo, placenta, amniotic fluid, and umbilical cord blood (National Stem Cell Foundation of Australia 1-2). Problem Statement Stem cell research is a major development in the health industry although there are many ethical issues that it faces currently. Aim The aim of this proposal is to analyze the Ethics and Law of Stem Cell Research, especially in the methods how human tissue is donated because some of the methods used undermine human ethical standards (National Stem Cell Foundation of Australia). ... yze these issues" () Situational Analysis There is an increasing demand by researchers seeking eggs from young women to be used for embryonic cloning procedures. This harvesting involves administration of drugs that have not been approved for that purpose (Dianne Beeson 1-3). These drugs could pose serious harm to the women that participate in this exercise both long term and short term effects. The widespread practice exposes women to risks that are ethically unacceptable and have to be addressed. Another interesting issue to note is that the egg harvesting takes place in a research climate marked by conflict of interests. This kind of experiments has prompted the research I intend to carry out on stem cell research. The kinds of practices used in stem cell research have prompted the concern of human rights activists all over the world in pursuit of this research, how it adversely affects the stakeholders in it. The risk at which these researchers put the women through must be weigh ed against potential benefits. Method This will be a qualitative research design that will utilize both primary and ancillary data. The resultant data will be carried out through a desk research and library session. From the desk research, there will be a thorough analysis of online information such as online journals, medical websites, and online eBooks. Further research will be carried out through a library session where peer reviewed journal articles, periodicals, and books will be used to gather data on the issue at hand, ethical issues with stem cell research. All the information found will be noted down and taken to a central place to await analysis. Filing will be necessary to avoid loss of data or damage. The next step will be to collect primary data. In collecting primary data, the

Compare the story stepdaughters by max apple and barn burning by Essay

Compare the story stepdaughters by max apple and barn burning by william faulkner - Essay Example In ‘stepdaughters’ by Max Apple, Stephanie is the main character and tend to experience hardship in her sporting activities. Helen, Stephanie’s mother sees her daughter’s sporting activity as an act aimed at interfering with her beauty and feminism. According to Helen, the only good thing about a woman is the beauty and feminism, qualities that men cannot posses. Her daughter is beautiful and full of feminine features yet her passion for short-putting may introduce her into masculinity (Apple 132). Helen, Stephanie’s mother tries everything to the extent of accusing her daughter of using steroids just to stop her from the short-putting activity. The stepfather is displayed in the book as being neutral throughout the story and only unveils his last stand towards the end. The stepfather’s stand was realized after Stephanie made a confession never to part with short-putting activity regardless of the circumstances or pressure. According to the st ory analysis, the stepfather took a neutral stand to protect both her stepdaughter and his wife Helen from creating unnecessary family feuds. In ‘barn burning’ by William Faulkner, the story revolves around a father and son. Sarty is a young boy who finds himself in a tight court situation due to his father’s problems (Faulkner 58). The court issue is about burning of the barn, an offense committed by his father. While in court room, Mr. Harris records his statement and asks sarty to stand as a witness to support his claim. This makes sarty uncomfortable despite knowing the truth about his father’s act. According to the information given in the book, sarty never wanted to betray his family and this changed his perception about Mr. Harris’s claims. After standing in front of the judge, he remained in silence until the Judge relieved him of the stress. The judge considered his young age and the complications or consequences of

UK Government Announced Expenditure Cuts- Consequences for Public Essay

UK Government Announced Expenditure Cuts- Consequences for Public Services - Essay Example This, as the general population has already in part voiced an opinion via the results of recent polls that have punished those in power for the spending cuts that were already instituted, via voters electing into office those who are opposed to the current government and its programs of austerity and expenditure cuts. Already the impacts of such expenditure cuts, moreover, have included sharp reductions in the payments made by government towards welfare, as well as deep cuts in the roster of employees in the public sector. The latter arguably may have both camps in the debate arguing about how such deep cuts in the employee count in the public sector impacts the provision of public services in the UK. Moreover, reduced spending for welfare directly strikes at the heart of what government intends to provide its citizens in terms of public services tied to welfare, as they pertain for instance to those who are unemployed, and as they pertain to the provision of vital health services es pecially for those sectors of British society unable to cover for their own healthcare needs without the benefit of welfare services provided by the UK government. ... 2010; Kane and Allen 2011). Discussion A. Expenditure Cuts At the time that the expenditure cuts were announced in 2010, they were deemed to be, taken together, the largest such cuts to be instituted in the expenditures of the UK government since the second world war, with the scale of the cuts cutting through vital public services, including welfare, and envisioned to pare down the government workforce by half a million civil servants, en route to balancing the budget, from yearly deficit estimated at 156 billion pounds in 2009. Then chief of Treasury George Osborne, referring to the magnitude of the public sector spending deficit, called the UK a â€Å"debt supertanker†, depicting the deficit problem in gargantuan imagery, in order to stress the point that the deficit situation was urgent, damaging, and threatening to the future viability of government, and therefore necessitated the cutbacks in expenditure. The short of it was that government deemed the then state of affair s of government spending as unsustainable in the long term. The non-sustainability of spending meant that government had to step in and try to rein in the spending. That was the gist of the plan, and government envisioned the cuts to be undertaken over a period of half a decade, gradually cutting back on spending through all of the government's different functions, departments, and agencies, with the goal of reversing the deficit spending and putting the government finances on an even keel, as a way of securing its long-term viability. The cuts in spending was estimated to reach 83 billion pounds by 2015, with the rest of the funding to wipe out the deficit to come from increases in taxation (The Associated Press 2010; Stringer 2012). Aside from the cuts in public sector

International Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 5

International Marketing - Essay Example Fast food restaurants are reflecting greater flexibility in adapting to the local tastes and cultures and also in generating price ranges for the products through evaluation of the economic potential of the people. Global fast food companies like McDonald’s, Taco Bell, KFC, Pizza Hut and Dunkin Donuts to name a few are observed to take resort of the localization strategy to help gain an effective penetration in the local markets. Fast food restaurants pertaining to America are observed to produce food products of hybrid varieties relating to the different countries in which they have opened up their branches. Customization and localization are generated in the food products by the fast food restaurants like that of McDonald’s that produces McKroket a beef and bun product for the Netherlands market while selling shrimp with cocktail sauce in Germany. For Greece and Israel, McDonald’s has its own set of Greek Burger and McKebab respectively. KFC operating in the Ch inese market aims to produce food products for the breakfast menu catering to regional preferences and tastes. Similarly, Dunkin Donuts operating in the South Korean market is observed to market breakfast foods like bagels and doughnuts which contribute in attracting potential customers (Sten, 2010). Federal Republic of Brazil is identified as the largest nation compared to other Latin American countries measured in terms of population and also the size of its geographical territory. Brazil tends to attract potential tourists from different nations owing to its natural and social diversity. Cities like Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro reflect a larger population mix owing to the growth of urban and industrial development. Brazil also reflects to be the sole country in the whole of America that has a Portuguese speaking population. The continuous inflow of tourists in the Brazilian region owing to the existence of social, cultural, ethnic and biodiversity is observed as a

The Different Types of Leases Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

The Different Types of Leases - Research Paper Example This paper illustrates that in order to obtain business equipment and supplies that can shed its effects on the flow of money, one can rely on lease financing as the possible way to straight up capital. Recent surveys prompt that more than 80% of the business organizations in the United States rely on this alternative at minimum one of the equipment acquisitions. It is forecasted that almost 95% would lease in the future. Lease financing is often referred to as â€Å"lease†. It is a contractual agreement involving two parties the lessor and lessee. The lease can be defined as a legal document that must be reviewed by an experienced attorney. The company acts as the lessor grants the individual or group acting as the lessee leasing the product or equipment. The contract assigns the lessee to operate the equipment for some pre-specified time. In the period the lessee is required to make monthly payments to the lessor for providing the opportunity. The lease can be categorized in to the following: lease of finance and lease of operation, sale and leaseback along with direct lease, lease of single investor and leveraged lease, domestic lease and international lease. However, finance lease and operating lease are the most popular leases. A financial lease covers the entire life of the equipment to be leased. A sale and lease can be thought of as one type of financial lease. One can even think of combination lease. This type of lease combines aspects of the popular leases. The effects of the tax can be categorized in the following two ways. The first category is to determine the effects of each flow of cash on taxable income. Rents or another type of fees tend to increase the taxable income while expenditure has the opposite effect. The second category is to compute the amount of the tax to be paid and time when the payment is to be made. After the calculation of the taxable income, the rate of the tax is applied to arrive at the liability. The tax is generally paid in 4 installments. The fourth, sixth, ninth and the twelfth month is regarded as the months of payment for the particular year. The amount of the flows is referred as magnitude.

International Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 5

International Marketing - Essay Example Fast food restaurants are reflecting greater flexibility in adapting to the local tastes and cultures and also in generating price ranges for the products through evaluation of the economic potential of the people. Global fast food companies like McDonald’s, Taco Bell, KFC, Pizza Hut and Dunkin Donuts to name a few are observed to take resort of the localization strategy to help gain an effective penetration in the local markets. Fast food restaurants pertaining to America are observed to produce food products of hybrid varieties relating to the different countries in which they have opened up their branches. Customization and localization are generated in the food products by the fast food restaurants like that of McDonald’s that produces McKroket a beef and bun product for the Netherlands market while selling shrimp with cocktail sauce in Germany. For Greece and Israel, McDonald’s has its own set of Greek Burger and McKebab respectively. KFC operating in the Ch inese market aims to produce food products for the breakfast menu catering to regional preferences and tastes. Similarly, Dunkin Donuts operating in the South Korean market is observed to market breakfast foods like bagels and doughnuts which contribute in attracting potential customers (Sten, 2010). Federal Republic of Brazil is identified as the largest nation compared to other Latin American countries measured in terms of population and also the size of its geographical territory. Brazil tends to attract potential tourists from different nations owing to its natural and social diversity. Cities like Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro reflect a larger population mix owing to the growth of urban and industrial development. Brazil also reflects to be the sole country in the whole of America that has a Portuguese speaking population. The continuous inflow of tourists in the Brazilian region owing to the existence of social, cultural, ethnic and biodiversity is observed as a

Female Discrimination in the Workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Female Discrimination in the Workplace - Essay Example It is certainly unethical to discriminate workers based on their gender. These include holding back promotions, giving them a different job title and preventing them from taking part in other work opportunities (Finn n.d.). Keeping the female worker in the team would result in better outcomes for the client as she is better suited to deal with the client’s assignment. Since the consulting firm KPMG itself discourages gender discrimination, this would allow talented individuals to come forward rather than inexperienced and incompetent individuals. By discouraging gender discrimination, there will be equal opportunities for both male and female workers based on their expertise resulting in enhancement of the company’s image. Legally as well, a woman possesses the right to complain to the Human Resource department of the firm regarding the discrimination. If the claim is found to be true then legal actions are taken against the offenders and this might lead to defamation o f the firm ruining its image in the business world. Removing the female worker from consideration might lead to demotivation of the worker. This might also result in low morale, low productivity and can also negatively impact the firm’s revenues. I will keep a watch or a countdown timer that would calculate the amount of time spent playing games or studying. Also, I will keep an Objectives Chart on which I will record the chapters I have completed successfully. I will write down whatever goals I have achieved regarding the topic or subject. Every time I will spend the designated amount of time playing games, which is one hour, I will reward myself by adding $3 to the reward fund that is to be spent at the end of each week. If I spend lesser time than one hour, I will add an additional $1 to the $3.

Energy in a falling mass on a Spring Essay Example for Free

Energy in a falling mass on a Spring Essay The aim of the experiment is to design a temperature measuring device, using a Wheatstone Bridge, with two fixed resistors of 47 ohms and then to implement it. The idea is to end up with a comprehensive set of results which allows us to work out an average, and then plot graphs to show the different variables. Preliminary work: Before I started the actual experiment, I did some preliminary work to find out the best set up for the apparatus I was using. It was also to test out the different apparatus that was available to me and to build a circuit which was set up to do the task which was required. Preliminary Diagram: The apparatus was set up as shown below: Preliminary Method: The apparatus was set up as shows above, and then filled the beaker to half full with iced water. I then put the thermometer in the water and added more ice until the water temperature reached zero. Then I put the thermistor in the water and waited until the ammeter reading was constant, and then adjusted the resistance using the variable resistor until the ammeter read nought. Then I recorded the resistance at that point. I did this once for each temperature. I decided that a reading every ten degrees was the optimum range, as this would give me a good set of results, without having too much information which I would not need to use. Diagram of experiment: Method of experiment: I used the same basic method as the preliminary experiment, with the following alterations: I did three repeats to find an accurate average result, which will enable me to plot graphs showing different factors. I used the results from the preliminary experiment to predict the resistance in the actual experiment, and I set the variable resistor to that resistance, then adjusting it slightly until the ammeter reads nought. I heated the water with a Bunsen Burner as this is quicker than leaving it to warm normally. I was able to do this as I knew what I was doing, due to the fact that I had done the experiment before in the preliminary. It also gave me time to do more repeats. Safety: Safety is an important factor to consider while doing this, and any other experiment. As we are using Bunsen Burners, heat proof mats will be used, as will safety goggles. The electrical apparatus will be kept well away from the flame. Gloves much be worn when handling the beaker when it is hot to avoid burns. Also books will not be kept on the benches where apparatus is set up, and loose clothing/hair will be tied back. A sensible approach will be taken and behaviour will be in line with the lab rules laid down by the college. Background Physics/Own knowledge: Wheatstone Bridge: This circuit enables resistance to be measured more accurately than by the digital ammeter. It does not rely on the accuracy of instruments, but resistors of a fixed known resistance have to be used. The four resisters used are called P, Q, R, S. The ratio between these resisters is: P R Q S The resistance to be found is P. Here is a diagram of a Wheatstone bridge: Thermistors: Thermistors are made out of semi-conducing metals because the resistance of these decreases with an increase in temperature. A thermistor is a resistor, and its resistance changes when its temperature changes. When the liquid the thermistor is in increases in temperature, the atoms in the head of the resistor get more energy and as a result they vibrate more, increasing the number of electrons which lowers the resistance. Microsoft Excel: I will use Microsoft Excel to present my data in table and graphical form. I shall also use it to work out the following: Sensitivity, average resistance, resolution and reaction time. Once I have this data, I shall present it graphically using excel, and I shall draw the following graphs using the data I have worked out: Temperature vs. Sensitivity (1). Preliminary resistance vs. temperature (2) Average resistance vs. temperature (3) Analysis: From my results I can see that as temperature increases the average resistance decreases. This can be clearly seen on the graph, which has an exponential shape. I have no anomalies in my average resistance, as the line of best-fit on the graph passes through all the error bars. I think that overall the experiment was conducted and executed well with no apparent disastrous inconveniences. There was however, a very small problem, which I encountered during the course of the experiment. The original thermistor that I began to use for my preliminary experiment decided to cease to function. This resulted in a loss of time, as I had to repeat my preliminary experiment so that any results conducted were not fair. Conclusion: The displacement increases and the velocity increases then decreases. The same happens with time and height. Displacement increases and the total energy decreases minimally as the energy is transferred to heat while the elastic potential energy increases and the gravitational potential energy decreases. Kinetic energy rises and falls as the spring is dropped and gathers speed before the spring takes the tension and slows it down. I conclude that energy cannot be lost, only transferred from one form to another, and this experiment proves it.   Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Electricity and Magnetism section. Download this essay Print Save Not the one?

Effect of Feed on the Mineral Composition of Labeo Rohita

Effect of Feed on the Mineral Composition of Labeo Rohita Khalid Javed Iqbal*1, Muhammad Ashraf1, Arshad Javid2, Farzana Abbas1, Muhammad Hafeez-ur-Rehman1, Fayyaz Rasool1, Noor Khan1 , Sumaira Abbas1 and Muhammad Altaf 2 ABSTRACT Studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of plant-fishmeal feed and/or plant by-product based feed on minerals composition of Labeo rohita. Fish fed on rice polish alone served as control (T0). Feed ingredients were grouped together with two ingredients in each test diet which served as an independent trial during these studies. Group 1(T1) contained guar meal and canola meal, group 2(T2) soybean meal and cotton seed meal, group 3(T3) guar meal and cotton seed meal, group 4(T4) soybean meal and canola meal and group 5(T5) fishmeal and canola meal. Each group including control had two replicates. 12 earthen ponds with uniform area of 0.03 ha each, were randomly stocked with 100 fish (average weight 200 g) in each following standard stocking protocols. All the 12 ponds were then randomly allotted to individual treatment including control group. Experimental fish were fed @ 4% of their wet biomass twice a day. Minerals specifically Na, Ca, Fe, Zn, and Cu significantly differed (Pâ ‰ ¤0.05) among treatments which might be linked with their variable release in digestive system of fish in the presence of various anti-nutritional factors. Key Words: fishmeal; soybean meal; canola meal; Ca; Na. INTRODUCTION Fish is rich in animal protein, low in cholesterol and high in unsaturated fatty acids (Kromhout et al., 1995; Zenebe et al., 1998a; Arts et al., 2001; Fawole et al., 2007) and due its these peculiar qualities is preferred over red meats (Sadiku and Oladimeji, 1991; Mozaffarian et al., 2003; Foran et al., 2005;). Nutritional quality of fish is however, not uniform and varies a lot among different fish species even within species when cultured under environments and different culture systems. Among herbivorous fish varieties Labeo rohita is preferred among consumers due to its typical taste and texture and among culturists due to growth, hardiness and wide range feeding habits. That is the reason that it is dominant fish in current fish cultural practices (Khan et al., 2004; Hussain et al., 2011; FAO, 2000; Chaudhuri et al., 1974). Other than nutritional competencies the fish is an important economic source, and its culture is rapidly growing not only in developing countries but in developed contraries too (Delgado et al., 2002; Louka et al., 2004). The success of fish culture depends on availability and selection of appropriate diets that are proficiently digested, are cost effective and provide the necessary nutrients for optimal growth (Mokolensang et al., 2003). Improvement and selection of appropriate feed ingredients has pronounced effect on the nutritional values, fish growth and its adjunct qualities (Shioya et al., 2011; Yang et al., 2011). Cost effective quality feed has pivotal role in fish production and has always been a constraint in the expansion of fish culture and in sustained development of aquaculture industry. It determines growth, flesh composition, especially lipid, mineral content of produced fish and ultimately market response (Izquierdo et al., 2003; Rasmussen, 2001). Among other nutrients minerals also has an important role and contribute to the growth of fish being an integral components of many enzymes involved metabolism (Glover and Hogstrand, 2002). Several minerals are required for proper development and normal execution of organism’s bodily functions as Ca is necessary element for the bone development (Erkan and Ozden, 2007) and Ca, Mg, Na and K, are involved in cellular metabolism which are usually found in higher quantities in biological tissues (Wagner and Boman, 2003). Zn is well known to be involved in most metabolic pathways in plants and animals (Hambidge, 2000). Copper, iron and manganese are essential for maintenance of normal growth and reproduction (Turkmen et al., 2005; Roy and Lall, 2006). Fish is a major source of Fe (Fraga, 2005) which is involved in blood synthesis in liver (Wagner and Boman, 2003), is an integral component of oxygen carrying protein from lungs to the tissues (Wagner and Boman, 2003; Camara et al., 20 05). Mn is required in minute quantities on daily basis for better health and growth in humans and its deficiency may result in nervous system disorder (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2004). Keeping in view all the above mentioned concerns the present study is planned to find out the effect of plant-fishmeal feed and/or plant by-product based feed on minerals profile of Labeo rohita. MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental site and study trials This three month study was conducted in earthen ponds of the Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Ravi Campus Pattoki, using juvenile Labeo rohita as an experimental animal. Experimental design Studies were designed following Completely Randomized Design (CRD). There were 5 treatments and a control with two replicates in each group and whole trial was managed in 12 ponds. 100 juveniles of Labeo rohita having mean body weight of 200g were randomly stocked in each pond (0.03 ha) and then all these ponds were arbitrarily distributed among 5 treatments and a control. Five experimental diets pertaining to each treatment, by proportionate ratio of the two feed ingredients was maintained at 1:1 i.e. (T1) guar meal and canola meal, (T2) soybean meal and cotton seed meal, (T3) guar meal and cotton seed meal, (T4) soybean meal and canola meal, (T5) fishmeal and canola meal and a control diet (T0) i.e. rice polish with two replicates in each. Fish were regularly fed @ 4% of wet body weight twice a day. Proximate analysis Feed proximate analysis was analyzed by using Bà ¼chi NIR Technology (Bà ¼chi NIRFlex N-500) Feed were dried and finally ground in pestle and mortar and then placed in sampler cups. The cups were placed in Bà ¼chi NIR machine for two minutes which then displayed a complete proximate analysis report which was saved for future use (Table 1). Table 1 Proximate analysis of feed combinations Mineral analysis Well ground 0.5 g sample was taken in conical flask which 10 ml HNO3 was added in. Mixture was then boiled for 15 minutes at 60 0C and then 5 ml perchloric acid was added and boiled it again for another 15 minutes at 60 0C. Sample flask was then placed on hot plate and heated till sample volume reduced to 1 ml. This sample was diluted to 100 ml by addition of distilled water. Sodium (Na) and potassium (K) were measured by flame photometric method while calcium (Ca), Iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and magnesium (Mg) were determined by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Statistical analysis The data generated during the course of this trial from various sources was analyzed by one way ANOVA using SAS software to determine the significance of various treatment groups. Difference among various means obtained from computation of treatment data sets was compared by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test to indentify the presence of variations. Probability level for these tests was fixed at P≠¤0.05. RESULTS Mineral composition of Labeo rohita showed statistically significant (P ≠¤ 0.05) differences in Na, Ca, Fe, Zn and Cu content while non-significant in K and Mg. Significantly higher Na (27.400 ±0.98 ppm) was observed in fish fed on T2 and the lowest (18.05 ±5.30 ppm) in T4, similarly significantly higher Ca content was observed in fish fed on T5 (14.245 ±0.09 ppm) while the lowest in T3 (10.515 ±0.09 ppm), significantly higher Fe content was recorded for fish fed on T5 (5.960 ±0.87 ppm) while the lowest in T4 (1.910 ±0.14 ppm), significantly higher (0.815 ±0.09 ppm) and lower (0.470 ±0.04 ppm) Zn contents were observed in T1 and T2. Higher Cu concentrations were recorded in fish fed on T3 (0.045 ±0.01 ppm) and lower in fish fed on T0 (0.015 ±0.01 ppm), higher values of K was observed on T2 (68.550 ±23.97 ppm) while lower for T3 (53.100 ±2.82 ppm), maximum Mg values were observed for T1 (3.270 ±0.11 ppm) and minimum for T2 (2.915 ±0.10 ppm) (Table -2). Table 2 Effect of feed on mineral composition of Labeo rohita DISCUSSION In present study mineral composition of Labeo rohita showed significant (P ≠¤ 0.05) variation in Na, Ca, Fe, Zn and Cu content in different treatments. Statistically significantly higher Na, Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu were observed in fish were observed in T2, T5, T5, T1, T3 while non-significantly higher K and Mg were observed in T2 and T1 respectively. Contrary to our study Khan et al. (2012) observed non-significant variations in mineral content in major carps reared in mono and polyculture systems. Similarly Luczynska et al. (2009) also observed non-significant differences in fishes having different feeding niches. During present study significantly higher Na was observed in fish fed T2 and lower in fish fed wit T4. Comparatively higher Na concentrations were observed in marine fish by Pirestani et al. (2009). Significantly higher Ca was observed in fish fed on T5 and lower for fish fed on T3. Our findings are in line with Babalola, et al. (2011) who observed significant variations in c oncentration of Ca among different commercial fish species of Nigeria. Significantly higher Fe content was observed in fish fed on T5 and lower in fish fed on T4 during present analysis. Mean Fe values were observed within the ranges given by Pirestani et al. (2009) in C. carpio. Babalola et al. (2011) observed non significant differences in Fe content among different commercial fishes of Nigeria. Significantly higher Zn was determined in fish fed with T1 while lower on T2 during present study. Contrary to our study Stezycka et al. (2003) observed higher Zn content in non-predatory fishes and marine fish species (Pirestani et al., 2009). During present study significantly higher Cu concentration was determined in fish, fed on T3 while lower for T0 diet. Contrary to our study Pirestani et al. (2009) observed higher Cu concentrations in fish collected from South Caspian Sea. During present analysis higher Mg concentrations were observed in fish fed on T1 while lower for T2 diets. Our findings confirm Babalola et al. (2011) who observed non-significant dif ferences in Mg content among different commercial fishes of Nigeria. Contrary to our observations Pirestani et al. (2009) found significantly higher Mg content in different commercial fishes of Nigeria. During present study higher K values were determined for fish fed on T2 while lower for T3. Contrary to our study significantly higher K contents were recorded in different commercial fishes of Nigeria (Pirestani et al. 2009), freshwater fish species (Achionye-Nzeh et al. 2011) and commercial fishes of Sudan (Mohamed et al. 2010). REFERENCES Achionye-Nzeh C. G., Adedoyin O. M., Oyebanji, S., and Mohammed M.O., 2011, Mineral composition of some marine and freshwater fishes. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America. 2(7): 1113-1116. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), 2004. Agency for toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Division of Toxicology, Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, GA. Available from: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/. Arts, M. T., Ackman, R. G. and Holub, B. J., 2001. Essential fatty acids in aquatic ecosystems: a crucial link between diet and human health and evolution. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 58: 122–137. Babalola, A. F., Adeyemi, R. S., Olusola, O. A., Salaudeen, M. M., Olajuyigbe, O. O., and Akande, G. R., 2011. Proximate and Mineral Composition in the Flesh of Five Commercial Fish Species in Nigeria. Internet Journal of Food Safety, Vol.13, 2011, p.208-213 Camara, F., Amaro, M. A., Barbera, R. and Clemente, G. 2005. Bioaccessibility of minerals in school meals: comparison between dialysis and solubility methods. Food Chemistry, 92: 481-489. Chaudhuri, H., Chakraborty, R. D., Rao, N. G. S., Janakiram, K., Chatterjee, D. K. and Jena, S., 1974. Record production with intensive culture of Indian and Exotic carps.Current Science,43(10), 303–304. Delgado, C. L., Rosegrant, M.W., Wada, N., Meijer, S. and Ahmed, M., 2002. Fish as food: Projections to 2020 under different scenarios. Washington, D.C.: Markets and Structural Studies Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, 2002. Online at: http:www.ifpri.org/divs/mtid/dp/papers/mssdp52.pdf. Erkan, N. and Ozden, O., 2007. Proximate composition and mineral contents in aquaculture sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), sea bream (Sparus aurata) analyzed by ICP-MS. Food Chemistry, 102: 721-725. FAO., 2000. Fishery statistics (Aquaculture Production). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 90(2): 22-131. Fawole, O. O., Ogundiran, M. A., Ayandiran, T. A. and Olagunju, O. F., 2007. Mineral composition in some selected fresh water fishes in Nigeria. Journal of Food Safety, 9: 52-55. Foran, J. A., Carpenter, D. O., Hamilton, M. C., Knuth, B. 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Dietary lipid sources for sea bream and sea bass: Growth performance, tissue composition and flesh quality. Aquacult. Nutr. 9: 397-407. Khan, M. A., Ahmed, I. and Abidi, S. F., 2004. Effect of ration size on growth, conversion efficiency and body composition of fingerling mrigal, Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton). Aquaculture Nutrition, 10: 47-53. Khan, N., Ashraf, M., Qureshi, N. A., Sarker, P. K., Vandenberg, G. W. and Rasool, F., 2012. Effect of similar feeding regime on growth and body composition of Indian major carps (Catla catla, Cirrhinus mrigala and Labeo rohita) under mono and polyculture. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(44), 10280-10290. Kromhout, D., Feskens, E. J. and Bowles, C. H., 1995. The protective effect of a small amount of fish on coronary heart disease mortality in an elderly population. International Journal of Epidemiology, 24: 340-345. Louka, N., Juhel, F., Fazilleau, V. and Loonis, P., 2004. A novel colorimetry analysis used to compare different drying fish processes. Food Control, 15: 327-334. Luczynska, j., Tonska, E., luczynski, J. M., 2009. Essential mineral components in the muscles of six freshwater fish from the Mazurian Great Lakes (northeastern Poland). Arch. Pol. Fish. 17: 171-178. Mohamed, H. A. E., Rabie Al-Maqbaly and H. Mohamed Mansour. 2010. Proximate composition, amino acid and mineral contents of five commercial Nile fishes in Sudan. African Journal of Food Science. 4(10), 650-654. Mokolensang, J. F., Yamasaki, S. and Onoue, Y., 2003. Utilization of Shochu distillery by-products for culturing the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L). On Line Journal of Biological Sciences, 3(5), 502-507. Mozaffarian, M. D., Rozenn, N. L., Lewis, H. K., Gregory, L. B., Russell, P. T. and Davis, S. S., 2003. Cardiac benefits of fish consumption may depend on type of fish meal consumed. Circulation, 107:1372-1382. Pirestani, S., Sahari, A. M., Barzegar, M. and Seyfabadi, S. J., 2009. Chemical compositions and minerals of some commercially important fish species from the South Caspian Sea. International Food Research Journal, 16: 39-44. Rasmussen, R. S., 2001. Quality and farmed salmonids with emphasis on proximate composition, yield and sensory characteristics. Aquaculture, 32: 767-786. Roy, P. K. and Lall, S. P., 2006. Mineral nutrition of haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus (L.): a comparison of wild and cultured stock. Journal of Fish Biology, 68: 1460-1472. Sadiku, S. O. E. and Oladimeji, A. A., 1991. Relationship of proximate composition of Lates niloticus (L), synodontis schall. Research Communications, 3: 29-40. Shioya I., Inoue, K., Abe, A., Takeshita, A. and Yamaguchi, T., 2011. Beneficial effects on meat quality of yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata induced by diets containing red pepper. Fisheries Science, 77: 883-889. Stezycka E., Bzdà ªga J., Pawlikowska K. and Siwicki, A., 2003. Metals content in fish caught in Wloclawek surroundings, zywienie Czlowieka Methbolizm. 30: 593-597 (in Polish). Turkmen, A., Turkmen, M., Tepe, Y. and Akyrt, I., 2005. Heavy metals in three commercially valuable fish species from Iskenderun Bay, Northen East Mediterranean Sea, Turkey. Food Chemistry, 91: 167-172. Wagner, A. and Boman, J., 2003. Biomonitoring of trace elements in muscle and liver tissue of freshwater fish. Spectrochimica Acta (Part B), 58: 2215-2226. Yang S. D., Tung, T. Y., Chou, R. L., Lan, H. L., Chen, G. R., Pai, J. N., Liu, F. G. and Chen, T. I., 2011. Comparison of the effects of two floating pellets on the growth and meat quality of Japanese Eel (Anguilla japonica). Journal of Taiwan Fisheries Research, 19: 17-28. Zenebe, T., Ahigren, G. and Boberg, M., 1998a. Fatty acid content of some freshwater fish of commercial importance from tropical lakes in the Ethiopian rift valley. Journal of Fish Biology, 53: 987-1005.

Managing Personal Finances Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Essays Fi

Managing Personal Finances Managing personal finances is an important skill to acquire. However, no where in school is this subject taught. As a result of a lack of preparation, our society is subject to a high percentage of people who lack financial success. Those who are successful at managing their personal finances will find that they are successful in many other areas as well. To learn how to manage personal finances there are books and web sites that provide a step by step guide to successfully managing personal finances. Those who lack financial success often possess many of the same traits. The first reason most people lack financial success is because they lack knowledge, or better yet, a desire to gain knowledge. If a person is not interested in learning how to manage their personal finances, then it is unlikely that they will become successful in doing so. Don’t procrastinate! Successful people get things done early; they are the first to turn things in, and the first to see results. There is no time like the present, so make the most of every day. If a person has not learned how to manage their time, they are also likely to lack financial success. Time that is spent doing nothing, only takes time away from which you can be doing something to improve yourself and your financial status. Also, people who lack financial success, have a lack of foresight. Achievers can look beyond the immediate and into the future. It is important to weigh t...

Psychology-1 Parenthood Analysis

Raising his only daughter, Patty, to be a perfect human is Nathan Huffner’s goal. He is in denial about his attitude towards raising his daughter; he said that he just wanted Patty to learn more than other kids do but the truth is he wants Patty to be his source of achievement; he is proud that his child is a genius and for that, he feeds his pride. He trained his daughter to be so intelligent, to be not only good at everything but be the best at everything. He taught his daughter things that even some adults can’t do. His daughter never had a chance to complain about the things that was being taught to her because she was so little to understand that her life was not the life of an ordinary little girl. Nathan Huffner concentrated so much about his child’s intellectual learning. He even refused to have another baby because he wanted to concentrate on Patty’s â€Å"above normal† development; because of that, his wife was so disappointed but she can’t show all her anger to her husband that’s why he just displace her disappointment on eating and filling her appetite. He didn’t let his child to enjoy her life as a child. He just fed Patty with knowledge and other complicated things and never let her feel the feeling of what a normal little girl should feel. That made him an authoritarian parent; the one that discourages expressions of disagreement. He has strict standards; he wants Patty to be a perfect human. As a result, Patty was unsociable with other children. She was unfriendly to others. She was withdrawn and was acting and reacting weird to situations that seems normal to other children (an example is the â€Å"thumb magic† of Gil to the children; others had fun with that magic while Patty screamed and ran away. Maybe that’s because of too many scientific facts in her head that made her think that that magic was disgusting. ) Another scene that showed Patty being different from other children was in the party of Kevin; she saw a boy turning around and around, she asked her mother what was the boy doing, that means that Patty was unable to do the things that a normal child experiences, which is doing silly things and enjoying those silly things. Frank Buckman was a permissive father for Larry Buckman. He was ever supportive on his son even though he knows that Larry is involved in some illegal scams for easy and quick money. There was even a point in the movie that Larry had to pay a large amount of money or else he will be killed. Frank was disappointed with Larry but he wants to help him because he loves him so much. He wanted to bail out Larry by using the car that he loved so much for the crime he did. As a result, Larry has a low self control and was dependent to his father. He thinks that it’s alright to do bad things because his father will always be supportive to him. He even had a baby with a show girl in Las Vegas; that shows how low his self control was. Yet, he was an uninvolved parent to his other kids. All his attention was on Larry that he was now emotionally detached to Gil and the others. Although his like that, it was then revealed that he also loved Gil. But instead of showing love, he showed the exact opposite of it. He used reaction formation. Showing love provokes anxiety on Frank because he always saw himself as a tough guy. He didn't like showing a soft side of him. Also, Frank is in denial that he hated Gil because he taught that he had polio but he is covering his feelings towards his son because love provokes anxiety on him. Larry Buckman was concentrated to his illegal schemes for him to get easy and quick money. He had a bi-racial son named Cool; who was the fruit of his affair with a showgirl in Las Vegas. Larry was a negligent parent. He doesn't really care for Cool; as long as the child is fed, his child has a house to stay on; he thinks that his responsibility is done. He had his family take care of Cool because he knows that his father will support him all the way. As a result, Cool became an indifferent kid. He was always inside the house and never got the chance to mingle and play with other kids; that makes him ignorant to the outside world and his cognitive and social development was impeded. He feels unloved and emotionally detached from his own father. There is a part in the movie that Larry and Frank were talking about how to bail out Larry from his gambling addiction, his father mentioned that he will enter a â€Å"gambling anonymous†; which means that Larry is in denial of his addiction in gambling that’s why he should enter in a gambling anonymous. He’s scared of entering the real world. He is scared of getting a job because he may not be good at it. So he was involved in gambling and rationalizes to himself that it was because of what his father has always taught him. Helen is a permissive parent. She was undemanding and was so easy in them. She lacks control on her two children, Garry and Julie. As a result, Garry appears to be a very weird boy. He was quiet and shows very little concern about what her mother says. He has this mysterious paper bag that he keeps in his room. He wants to stay in his room all day and if he goes out, he locks his room and doesn’t want anyone to enter his room. Helen wondered what is inside the paper so he opened Garry’s room to look for the paper bag; finding out that the paper bag was filled with porn movies. Helen showed a little disappointment but later on shows approval and rationalizes that it is normal for Garry to be curious about those things because Garry just entered puberty and he doesn’t have a father to ask about those things. Another effect was shown by her daughter Julie. Julie was a wild and curious girl. Julie wanted to be with his boyfriend, Tod, and ignores her mother’s advice. She left their house and stayed with Tod. They even got married. Eventually, Julie returned home and went back to her mother, which shows how Julie was so dependent on her mother’s company. After all, Helen still agreed to let Julie and Tod stay in her house and already accepts Tod as a part of their family. As shown in the movie, both Julie and Tod expresses unwanted behaviors; these may be a way to repress their memories about the separation of their parents; they focused on other things so that they can forget about that experience that surely affected them. Gil Buckman is another permissive father in this movie. There were so many problems that he encountered in this movie. First, he found out that his eldest son, Kevin, needs to transfer to a special school for special kids and need to undergo therapy. He rationalized that Kevin is just too smart that’s why he seems not so normal compared to other kids. He covered up his anxiety of Kevin being not normal so he believes his own lie that Kevin is just too smart. At first he disapproved to that opinion but eventually, he agreed upon seeing the behavior and reaction of Kevin to different situations (baseball and the lost retainer). Another problem that he encountered was his job because the partnership was given to another person which means that he will be facing a serious financial problem in his family. He was so frustrated and angry so when he went back home, he was arguing with his wife. He displaced his anger to his wife because even though he showed anger to his boss, still he can’t put out all his anger to his boss. Then he found out that his wife, Karen, was pregnant. He was so frustrated about all of these problems but still he agreed on having a birthday party for Kevin. Kevin wanted to have a cowboy character that twists balloons on his birthday. Even though Gil knows that that will be expensive, he still agreed on hiring that cowboy character on Kevin’s birthday. When he found out that the cowboy will not make it to the party, he didn’t want Kevin to be disappointed, so he dressed like a cowboy and performed at the party even though he looks silly. He can’t disagree to his son’s wishes; that proves that he is a permissive parent; even though he knows it will be hard for him, he makes sure that he will not disappoint his children. But his being permissive had a good effect on his children. Kevin’s emotional problem begins to improve. At first he questions his abilities on being a father to his children because of the burdens that he faced but eventually, he was still a good father then.

My Technologically Challenged Life Essay

Monica’s parents play a huge role in limiting her access to technology. They choose to not use technology which I think is the main reason why they wouldn’t buy a computer for their daughters. Their reasoning sounds extremely familiar to me because my parents have done the same kind of thing to me. I begged my parents for a cell phone from seventh grade until my sophomore year when I finally bought my own but they would always tell me I don’t need a cell phone while my mom had one and my dad had THREE for his work. Anyways, I can relate to Monica on many levels. 2. I don’t think Monica is to blame for her technological difficulties at all. I think the main reason she is having troubles is her parents except for the lack of technology in her car which is obviously the manufacturers doing and not her parents. The lack of technology at the health-care facility is a pretty big issue if you ask me. The technology the workers could be and probably should be usin g would greatly improve the efficiency of the jobs they do. 3. Wunderlich’s reference to the weekend when terrorists were â€Å"supposed to be blowing up† the bridges in san Francisco was her way of adding some comedy to the story because there was probably a bomb threat that day and she could have potentially died simply because she didn’t have a GPS and got lost. If she had owned a GPS at the time, she wouldn’t have gotten so lost and never would have been on both of the bridges on accident.

What is happening to the Amazon Rainforest

The Amazon rainforest is the largest tropical rainforest in the world which covers over five and half a million square kilometers. Over half of the Amazon is located in Brazil but also in South American countries; Peru, Venezuela, Ecuador, Colombia, Guyana, Bolivia and Suriname. (Science Kids, 2013). During the past 40 years, 20% of the Amazon rainforest has been cut down, this percentage could be higher but was not put in account due to logging. this causes damage and shows that there is less seen cuts. Scientists says that 20% trees could be lost in the next two decades.  (National Geographic, 1996)The Amazon gets worse and worse every time it is observed. The main cause for this is deforestation. This investigation will show what is happening to the Amazon Region and what could be the management for it. Socially, the main cause for rainforest destruction is deforestation which is done by humans, who are at fault for it. Deforestation is the process of cutting down, damaging and burning a rainforest. Every year an area of a rainforest is cut down and destroyed. The plants and animals that used to live there die or adapt somewhere else.There are many reasons are for wood, agriculture, land for poor farmers, cattle, paper, road construction and extraction of minerals and energy. In 2005 and 2010 the Amazon had the worst droughts ever recorded. Rivers dried up, communities were isolated and land was burned. The smoke interfered with transportation and blocked the formation of rain clouds. This burnt carbon dioxide and worsened the effects in climate change. The flooding of damns and wildfires destroy rainforest and migrants clear the land to keep some for themselves.This shows that people don't really care about how much damage is caused for the rainforest but only about themselves and the things they need to do. (SlideShare, 2013) This affects the rainforest because if people keep damaging the rainforest, there will be no rainforest left. Economically whats h appening the Amazon is mostly because of logging, fires, mining, agriculture, cattle ranching and currency devaluation. The Amazon Rain forest is cleared out to raise cattle and to produce beef, this means that many different species of animals are losing their habitats and this leads to extinction.The human population is growing faster and faster and this means we need more food. The Amazon is society's best way of clearing out cattle to produce food. As the rainforest is losing its ability to stay green because of fires but this means that more trees, plants and parts of the forest are being killed. (SlideShare, 2013) One of the main causes of the rainforest destruction is logging. Many types of wood is used for the furniture, floor, constructions and tropical forests in Africa, Asia and South America.When people buy certain wood products they are usually from the Amazon, this causes destruction of the Amazon Rainforest. Poor farmers in the world rely on clearing rainforest land t o feed their families. Without access to better agriculture land most people burn and clear patches of forest land. Agricultural companies have started clearing more rainforest than before, specially in the amazon where places are converted into soybean farms. Apparently South America will have an area of farmland coming for the Amazon rainforest.This means that it will cause more damage and destruction for the Amazon. (Mongabay. com, 2005). This affects everyone that like specific woods that come from the Amazon, because if tree's keep getting cut down no one will get the furniture, floor or constructions they want. Scientist say 4C rise will kill 85% of the Amazon Rainforest, even small temperate would cause 20-40% within 100 years. Global warming will wreck attempts tom save the Amazon as, there is a prediction one-third of trees are killed by small temperature's rises.  (The Guardian, 2013)This means that climate is a big issue in the Amazon and that it is affecting everything within in. If the climate continues killing the Rainforest, under 300 years the whole Amazon would be destroyed. There are possible strategies for a sustainable management for the Amazon rainforest. These include; Agro-forestry- growing tree's and crops at the same times. This means that farmers can take advantage of shelters from canopy of trees. It will also prevent soil erosion. Selective logging- trees are cut down when they reach are particular height.This allows young trees to have a longer life span. The forest will be fresh fore 30-50 years. Protect particular area's from exploitation. This saves some wildlife and parts of the forest and does not let humans invade on them. Monitoring- use technology/photography to check no illegal activities take place and everything is in order. Afforestation- opposite of deforestation, if tree's are cut they are replace to maintain the canopy. Education – make sure people who explore the Amazon understand their boundaries, actions and consequences. (Bitesize, 2013)

Gender inequalities in the workplace Research Paper - 1

Gender inequalities in the workplace - Research Paper Example Although it is evident that there have been significant gains in the workplace regarding equality in recent times, it is also evident that progress, to ensure equality, has stalled or slowed down. Despite being more than five decades since the idea of empowering women to participate in all the key sectors of the economy was born, it is evident that women face issues related to sexism in their workplace. In effect, this has had an effect of slowing down the gains achieved in ensuring equality. In the United States, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was one of the instruments that contributed to the participation of women in the workplace. This article not only prohibits discrimination due to gender, but also prohibits discrimination of people from the workplace based on their origin and religion (Gregory 1). Inadvertently with the advent of Title VII, it is evident that the world witnessed sweeping changes in the economic and social trends, which enhanced the participation of women in the workplace with the statistics increasing ever since. In the contemporary world, the United States continues to witness women rising in positions of power and their elevation to professional and corporate levels that were previously not fathomed. Despite all these achievements, various issues continue to underline inequality in the workplace. Sex discrimination in the workplace and other key areas of the economy might have subsided although it has not ended. Commenting about the participation and discrimination of women in the workplace, Abrams noted, â€Å"The present day finds us not at the end of the path, but navigating a crucial bend in the road† (1183). In this regard, women have realized that they have made substantial gains in the workplace although there are factors that inhibit their participation in the workplace. In line with this, it is crucial to point out that today’s woman can secure